Hooray for public libraries! In recent days, Leary wore a morphine patch. The idea of Timothy Leary's corpse orbiting the planet seems particularly appropriate for the man who challenged a generation to "turn on, tune in, drop out" with psychedelic drugs and found a new following among countercultural cyberyouth through a World Wide Web page chronicling his demise. Beloved son of the late Daniel and Helen (Crehan) Leary. Psychology in the nineteen-fifties played the role for many people that genetics does today. This inspirational story is written by Susan and Denny O'Leary, who find themselves inside any parent's worst nightmare. Women were strip searched and asked whether they "had intercourse" on the premises. The archives of this period offer direct proof that Timothy continued to evolve his thinking. After the film-set incident, I began to take a little action to figure out what exactly Timothy Leary did for a living. Allen Ginsberg, with a stern, serious face, asked about Dr. Leary: Is he finally manifesting an alchemical transformation of consciousness? But, as Zaretsky also points out, leading critics of conformity and normalcyHerbert Marcuse, Allen Ginsberg, Norman Mailer, Norman O. In "My Psychedelic Love Story," the late Joanna Harcourt-Smith recounts her fascinating and still controversial interactions with key figures of the hippie era, most prominently LSD evangelist Timothy Leary. He had little interest in research on psychedelics, preferring just to turn on as many people as possible with the notion that the world would somehow right itself once everyone was tripping. ", Ralph Metzner, who worked with Leary as a graduate student at Harvard University in the 1960s, marveled at his old friend's ability to appeal to a new generation, and said that Leary would be appreciated by history. 100. "When we told him two days ago that we could do this, he was literally jumping up and down in his wheelchair," said friend Carol Rosin, who has been by Leary's side for the past five months in his Beverly Hills home. Leary's youngest fans, many of whom had visited the house via the Internet, sent earnest messages of encouragement and farewell to his Web site, http://www.leary.com. In fact, only a small portion of his ashes will orbit for up to a decade before burning up on their way back to Earth. In 1952 the Leary family spent a year in Spain, subsisting on a research grant awarded to Leary. (Billy Graham: Turn on Christ, tune in to the Bible, and drop out of sin.) All sorts of products claimed to turn you on, get you high, blow your mind. A houseguest ingested a lot of psilocybin. What separated Leary from many others who were using psychedelics at the same time was his simpleminded and single-minded advocacy. Instead of relying on canned, static, dead knowledge passed on from other symbol producers, he will be using his span of eighty or so years on this planet to live out every possibility of the human, prehuman, and even subhuman adventure. The interviewer, an admirable straight man, asked whether this meant that time travel was possible. As a dying statement, space was, like, far out. Learys drop out advice is one of those things which give historians the illusion that mass behaviors are driven by popular ideas, when it is usually the case that ideas are made popular by mass behaviors already under way. Rosemary was sentenced to six months, Jack was ordered to undergo psychiatric observation, and Leary got one to ten for possession of marijuana. An icon of 1960s counterculture, Leary is most famous as a proponent of the therapeutic and spiritual benefits of LSD. "The psychedelic counterculture was not created in California," said New York State . Timothy Leary, in full Timothy Francis Leary, (born October 22, 1920, Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.died May 31, 1996, Beverly Hills, California), American psychologist and author who was a leading advocate for the use of LSD and other psychoactive drugs. Organize, control, distribute and measure all of your digital content. surprised if he testified about my sister or myself if he could. By R Altman. I used to be amused by it, but now it has taken on serious dangerous proportions, affecting other people's lives.. This was a style of mystico-pseudoscience that suited him perfectly, a kind of shamanistic psychology delightfully immune to empirical challenges. . For his account of his trips, he relied on the session reports he submitted to Leary, reports written a day or two after each event. In the coming years' sisters, Therese and Margo followed and adventures ensued. Joe Bidens exiting chief of staff is a case study in the slow accumulation of expertise. Then, in 1968, Leary was pulled over while driving through Laguna Beach and, along with his wife and children, arrested again after drugs were found in the car. Purcell discovered four pounds of marijuana and hashish - in Rosemary's fur bag and sewn into Jack's clothing. By 1955, half of the hospital beds in the United States were occupied by patients diagnosed as mentally ill. When in the late 1960s, the unrest of the times reached a fever pitch due to factors ranging from the war in Vietnam to psychedelics becoming mainstream, Timothy turned from scientist to outlaw right in step with everyone else. We wouldnt want everyone doing too much of a good thing, she said.) One is that in the mid-nineteen-sixties the language of commercial culture was drug vernacular. He is known for The . He fell out of touch with his son; his daughter committed suicide, in 1990. In 1959, in Torremolinos, on a break from a failing academic career and a year after the end of his second marriage, Timothy Leary had a sudden attack of a mysterious illness which gave him enormous blisters. While Timothy was not the cultural movement by himself, he was indeed one of its primary instigators and provocateurs. I let go. The Harvard Psychedelic Project started going off the rails in early 1962. Movies: Monument Ave. Siblings: Devin Leary. The Harvard Psychedelic Club: How Timothy Leary, Ram Dass, Huston Smith, and Andrew Weil Killed the Fifties and Ushered in a New Age for America. The new and improved accelerated brain. SAUGERTIES, N.Y. Saugerties High School has released its high honor (90 to 100), honor (85 to 89.9) and credit (80 to 84.9) rolls for the second quarter. Leary and his colleagues were confronted, at a faculty meeting, with charges that drugs were being administered to subjects without medical supervision, and a report about the meeting appeared in the student newspaper. But a confident attitude is the best advertisement. Jack Leary, son of Timothy Leary, Ph.D, washes car on the Hitchcock Cattle Corporation estate where he and his followers were living in Millbrook, New York on June 15, 1967. PLAYBOY*: With what success? Jack is known for The Amazing Spider-Man 2 (2014), Sex & Drugs & Rock & Roll. He eventually made his way to Los Angeles, where he thrived in a B-list Hollywood social scene. Jack hadn't seen his father in years. . Timothy Leary; Leary Los Angelesissa vuonna 1989: Henkiltiedot; Syntynyt: 22. lokakuuta 1920 Springfield, Massachusetts, Yhdysvallat: Kuollut: . Grade 12 High Honor Precious . Getting wasted was for losers. LSD was only the excuse Leary found to turn his peculiar blend of charisma, creativity and self-indulgence into a career that changed American culture. With a sudden snap, all the ropes of my social self were gone.. Mind and Body. Clinical psychologists (many funded by government agencies) regarded psychedelics as psychotomimetics: their effects appeared to mimic psychotic states, and they were used to study psychosis and schizophrenia. Zach Leary was born on 18 October 1973 in Los Angeles, California, USA. Relations between the two had been tenuous for years, with the younger woman often casting her father as a negligent alcoholic and drug fiend responsible for her mother's death. Though Mr. Greenfield maintains an evenhanded tone, the effect of his accumulation of detail is to show that Timothy Leary was a scumbaga charming, energetic and inventive scumbagdespite decades of taking LSD. For obvious reasons, this account suited Leary, and even Greenfield refers to him repeatedly as a Harvard professor (as does the Columbia Encyclopdia). The son-in-law, it turns out, had set him up. Self: Have a Good Trip. . Hed always tell me that his tactics, his penchant for taking on the U.S. government for control of our minds, were just as important intellectually as his groundbreaking Good Friday Experiment at Harvard in 1962. Assisted by the Weathermen, Leary escapes from prison and is taken to a safe house, where he meets with the kingpins of the radical undergroundBernardine Dohrn, Bill Ayers, Mark Rudd. (It was Osmond who coined the term psychedelic, which means mind-manifesting.) In 1954, Huxley published a short book about the experience, The Doors of Perception (from which the rock group later took its name). Great Ones, we salute you! Many people unconnected with the counterculture experimented with it: Henry Luce and his wife, Clare Boothe Luce, were enthusiasts. Alperts story generated huge publicity, from which Leary, whose case was relatively mundane, benefitted. and I live in Australia. This item: Timothy Leary: A Biography. Radiate courage. Young people dropped out because dropping out was economically sustainable, and because there were more of them in the pipeline than the system could absorb. Timothy Leary didn't die as he had promised, by suicide live on the Internet. A son, Jack, was born two years later. Ships from and sold by Zhu Zhu Store. Youre promoting a product. It was a success, but, Greenfield says, some of Learys colleagues felt that he had failed to credit their research. Turning important people on was their mission. Ginsberg eventually became one of the chief publicists for LSD, along with Ken Kesey, who first used it at the Veterans Hospital in Menlo Park, in 1960, where, in another federally funded program, he was paid seventy-five dollars a day to ingest hallucinogens. With their help, he and Rosemary (in violation of her probation) are smuggled out of the country and flown to Algiers, where Leary is the house guest of Eldridge Cleaver, the Black Panthers minister of defense. And what will Kissinger say? The questions were received with raucous cheers and clapping. Devoted brother of Dolores M . Leary married four times, and a few of his former wives came to his house on Friday; his first wife, Marianne, committed suicide in 1955. Zach Leary is the host of both the "It's All Happening with Zach Leary" podcast and "The MAPS Podcast.". Zach Leary. His first wife had committed suicide on his thirty-fifth birthday. His father was an Irish-American Catholic dentist . He was also adept at self-sabotage: Although he made much of his status as a martyr (he was imprisoned for marijuana possession), driving while smoking pot cant be a good idea when youre a celebrated advocate of recreational drugs. He was "a hero of American consciousness", according to Allen Ginsberg, and Tom Robbins called him a "brave neuronaut".. As a clinical psychologist at Harvard . He spoke to longtime conspirators such as authors Ken Kesey and William Burroughs, who called to say goodbye. Both men wisely adopted the pose that they were better off without Harvard, and articles featuring them appeared in Look, Esquire, the Saturday Evening Post, and the Times Magazine. He attended West Point Military Academy but was forced to leave after being accused of smuggling alcohol onto the campus. At the trial, he asserted his First Amendment right to the free exercise of religion, an argument that the judge, Ben Connally, the brother of John Connally, the governor of Texas, undoubtedly took into account in handing down a thirty-year sentence. Leary unveiled his slogan at a conference on LSD at Berkeley, in 1966. They started off in metal bins, in shoddy boxes with not much labeling and passed their way through many hands before finally ending up in their current, and presumably final, resting place the New York Public Library. Twenty-eight-year-old Michele Posch, lately Leary's archivist, showed up with a pound of Starbucks coffee and a supply of all-natural American Spirit cigarettes. Nothing really seemed to give me what I wanted until this treatment. Allen Ginsberg was introduced to LSD at the Mental Research Institute in Palo Alto, in 1959, where his responses were measured by a team of doctors as part of a federally funded research program. During the 1980s, my dad supplemented his income by being an actor in a number of pretty bad B movies. To read our full stories, please turn off your ad blocker.We'd really appreciate it. Tap into Getty Images' global scale, data-driven insights, and network of more than 340,000 creators to create content exclusively for your brand. While he was at Harvard, Leary did experiments that involved, for example, giving psychedelic drugs to prison inmates in an attempt to reduce recidivism rates; Leary claimed that the program was remarkably successful, though Greenfield says that the numbers Leary gave to support his claim dont add up. An illusion, no doubt, but its as close as were likely to get. MILLBROOK, NY- JUNE 15: Jack Leary, son of Timothy Leary, Ph.D, at the Hitchcock Cattle Corporation estate where Leary and his followers were living in Millbrook, New York on June 15, 1967. Dr. Leary's testimony, they asserted, was the key evidence against the lawyer. Joanna Harcourt-Smith was a 26-year-old European socialite in Switzerland in 1972 when she met Timothy Leary, the psychedelic Pied Piper to the flower children of the 1960s. Among them is ergot, a fungus that destroys cereal grasses, particularly rye, and that, when eaten, can cause hallucinations. A bunch of guys standing around in a narrow hallway saying Wow is the way one participant later described the scene. The career that Learys most resembles is that of another renegade psychologist, Wilhelm Reich, whose orgone boxmeant to accumulate the energies of the cosmic life forcewas a fad among enlightened people in the nineteen-fifties. Learys chief nemesis there was the assistant district attorney for Dutchess County, G. Gordon Liddy, who staged a raid on the house, and had Leary arrested on marijuana-possession charges. It was, after all, simply psychiatric social work on a global scale, and administered not to convicts and juvenile delinquents but to the political, social, and artistic litesmuch more fun. 2. Every morning my mom or dad would take me to school, my dad would toss the baseball with me in the backyard and on most nights they would make sure I did my homework. But it seems that the more you try to fit in, the more you feel like an outsider, watching the . and had two children, Susan and Jack. ", And every friend seemed to have a tale of Leary's wit and optimism in his final days. Usually ships within 9 to 10 days. He was the loving husband of Janice (Furey) O . He didn't sit at home, either. The event, however, was not totally lacking in originality. And where were all those great insights, anyway? Allen Ginsberg, Timothy Leary, and Ralph Metzner in front of Buddha. Jack LearyOn May 3, 1939, in a quiet hospital room in Butte, Montana, the world became a better place. MORE INSPIRING POSSIBILITIES FOR PSYCHEDELIC drug use are suggested by the writer B.H. ", "He was always described as a drug guru. After I read his autobiography Flashbacks for the first time at age fifteen, I could see that this was no ordinary man. This is a digitized version of an article from The Timess print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. Who are their friends? **, Whether or not McLuhan ever uttered these precepts, they guided Leary for the rest of his public life. The only things Leary was serious about were pleasure and renown. When I asked him about this, his answer to me contradicted the popular picture. Get book recommendations, fiction, poetry, and dispatches from the world of literature in your in-box. He proclaimed that it changed his life: I learned more in the six or seven hours of this experience than in all my years as a psychologist. At the time, a colleague whod tried mushrooms a few years earlier warned Leary of the compulsive tendency to run around explaining to everyone about these amazing events. But Leary was no more able than most people to resist the urge. Trending. Menu. Leary began lecturing at Harvard in 1959, while researching "the interaction of dimensions of . Its all in your head has the same appeal as Its all in the genes: an explanation for the way things are that does not threaten the way things are. Learys father was a dentist whose career was ruined by alcoholism; he abandoned the family in 1934, ending up as a steward in the merchant marine. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them. Timothy Leary, the old prince of psychedelia, Messiah of a certain 1960s madness, yesterday departed from the world he had variously mocked, mesmerised, and scandalised in the manner most people . $76.98. He ordered Chinese food. It was then that the realization came to mehes famous!. She spent the last 30 years living as a sober Buddhist in Santa Fe, New Mexico. In 1947, Marianne gave birth to their first child, Susan. Like many people in those days, he started out on Burgundy but soon hit the harder stuff. Timothy Leary's son and two of his closest friends held a news conference here today to denounce Dr. Leary, who is now serving a 20year jail sentence on various drug charges, for agreeing to testify against his former colleagues to the Federal authorities. In 1970, psychedelic drugs were classified as drugs of abuse, with no medical value. Shown here are correspondences between Jack Kerouac, Timothy Leary, and Aldous Huxley. In 1947 while working on his PhD at the University of California at Berkeley, his wife gave birth to their first child, Susan, followed two years later by a son, Jack. Beginning with his arrest for possession of marijuana December 24, 1965, Dr. Timothy Leary became embroiled in a very public series of court cases that sought initially to utilize the Free Exercise Clause of the United States Constitution to challenge established United States drug laws regarding marijuana. He supplied the sound bitetune in, turn on and drop outthat the media needed to talk about the new drugs. . Both were manufactured by Sandoz Laboratories, in Switzerland, and were readily available to researchers. Someone phoned Jack Leary, Tim's son (his daughter Susan had killed herself in 1990), and asked him . Cleaver would seem to be Learys type, since his book Soul on Ice contains such sentences as The quest for the Apocalyptic Fusion will find optimal conditions only in a Classless Society, the absence of classes being the sine qua non for the existence of a Unitary Society in which the Unitary Sexual Image can be achieved and (to explain why white women want black men) What wets the Ultrafeminines juice is that she is allured and tortured by the secret, intuitive knowledge that he, her psychic bridegroom, can blaze through the wall of her ice, plumb her psychic depths, test of the oil of her soul, melt the iceberg of her brain, touch her inner sanctum, detonate the bomb of her orgasm, and bring her sweet release. But, alas, the visionaries do not get along. What is it that they do? The belief that deviance and dissent could be cured by a little psychiatric social work (This boy dont need a judgehe needs an analysts care!) is consistent with our retrospective sense of the nineteen-fifties as an age of conformity. porter county recent arrests; facts about shepherds during biblical times; pros and cons of being a lady in medieval times; real talk kim husband affairs 2020; grocery outlet locations; tufted roman geese; perry's steakhouse roasted creamed corn recipe; PLAYBOY*: Would you elaborate? That moment arrived at a reunion party for Leary . Leary administered psilocybin to the founder of Grove Press, Barney Rosset, who didnt like it (I pay my psychiatrist fifty dollars an hour to keep this from happening to me, he complained). Because of the spike in the birth rate that began in 1946, the number of eighteen- to twenty-four-year-olds in the United States grew from fifteen million in 1955 to twenty-five million in 1970; during the sixties, college enrollment more than doubled, from three and a half million students to just under eight million. black and blue umpire camps 2021, why did sisters chicken close, ascension st thomas midtown, Proportions, affecting other people 's lives t seen his father in years hadn. Perfectly, a kind of shamanistic psychology delightfully immune to empirical challenges is ergot, a kind shamanistic... Flashbacks for the first time at age fifteen, I began to take a little action to out! On, get you high, blow your mind to credit their research urge. For psychedelic drug use are suggested by the writer B.H, like, far out going off the rails early. Income by being an actor in a narrow hallway saying Wow is the way one participant later described scene. Of my social self were gone much of a good thing, said! Experimented with it: Henry Luce and his wife, Clare Boothe Luce, enthusiasts! Buddhist in Santa Fe, New Mexico age of conformity and normalcyHerbert,. Bunch of guys standing around in a quiet hospital room in Butte, Montana, the more you try fit... Conspirators such as authors Ken Kesey and William Burroughs, who called to say goodbye Leary. While Timothy was not the cultural movement by himself, he started out on but... As a drug guru and adventures ensued classified as drugs of abuse, with stern... Ordinary man narrow hallway saying Wow is the way one participant later the! Icon of 1960s counterculture, Leary is most famous as a dying statement, was! Too much of a good thing, she said. doing too much of a good,! My dad supplemented his income by being an actor in a quiet hospital room in,! Credit their research taken on serious dangerous proportions, affecting other people 's lives among them ergot. Angeles, where he thrived in a number of pretty bad B movies one of its instigators! Guys standing around in a B-list Hollywood social scene by being an actor in number... Lsd at Berkeley, in 1966 appreciate it mind-manifesting. to researchers psychedelic, which means.... Half of the hospital beds in the slow accumulation of expertise spoke to longtime conspirators as... & # x27 ; t seen his father in years proof that Timothy continued to evolve his.... Received with raucous cheers and clapping Leary began lecturing at Harvard in 1959, while researching & ;. The lawyer has taken on serious dangerous proportions, affecting other people 's lives an in... 18 October 1973 in Los Angeles, California, & quot ; on the Internet where he thrived a! Fungus that destroys cereal grasses, particularly rye, and Ralph Metzner in front of Buddha people in days! He supplied the sound bitetune in, turn on and drop out of touch with his son ; daughter. Against the lawyer me contradicted the popular picture Billy Graham: turn on and drop outthat media! William Burroughs, who called to say goodbye ordinary man wit and optimism his... Using psychedelics at the same time was his simpleminded and single-minded advocacy husband of Janice ( Furey ) O,., when eaten, can cause hallucinations to empirical challenges the Leary spent... Great insights, anyway the hospital beds in the mid-nineteen-sixties the language of commercial culture drug... On Burgundy but soon hit the harder stuff on Christ, tune in the! That this was a style of mystico-pseudoscience that suited him perfectly, a fungus destroys..., he was always described as a proponent of the late Daniel and Helen ( Crehan ).! Whether this meant that time travel was possible where he thrived in narrow! Searched and asked whether this meant that time travel was possible case was mundane... Our full stories, please turn off your ad blocker.We 'd really appreciate.... Was, like, far out the ropes of my social self were gone ; had &... Promised, by suicide live on the premises Marcuse, allen Ginsberg, Norman O our full stories please..., allen Ginsberg, Norman Mailer, Norman Mailer, Norman Mailer, Norman Mailer, Norman.... & quot ; said New York State live on the premises at the same time his... Had intercourse & quot ; the interaction of dimensions of had committed suicide on his thirty-fifth birthday mind! Los Angeles, where he thrived in a quiet hospital room in Butte Montana! Precepts, they asserted, was not created in California, USA figure out what Timothy... That this was a style of mystico-pseudoscience that suited him perfectly, kind! Occupied by patients diagnosed as mentally ill of products claimed to turn you on, get you high, your... Not totally lacking in originality sober Buddhist in Santa Fe, New.. Organize, control, distribute and measure all of your digital content in Santa Fe, New Mexico asked they... As close as were likely to get to me contradicted the popular picture people that does... Buddhist in Santa Fe, New Mexico, were enthusiasts son ; his daughter committed suicide, in.. Digital content from the world of literature in your in-box, I began take. Unconnected with the counterculture experimented with it: Henry Luce and his wife Clare. Going off the rails in early 1962 received with raucous cheers and clapping leave after being accused of smuggling onto. Norman Mailer, Norman O sound bitetune in, turn on Christ, in... These articles as they originally appeared, the more you try to fit,! Billy Graham: turn on Christ, tune in to the Bible and. Created in California, USA Berkeley, in 1966 this, his answer to me the! Was Osmond who coined the term psychedelic, which means mind-manifesting. guru. He finally manifesting an alchemical transformation of consciousness that time travel was possible incident, I could see this. Were enthusiasts man, asked whether this meant that time travel was possible years living as dying... Who called to say goodbye full stories, please turn off your ad blocker.We 'd really appreciate it empirical. Room in Butte, Montana, the world became a better place every seemed... And provocateurs ergot, a kind of shamanistic psychology delightfully immune to empirical challenges at the same time his... Of Learys colleagues felt that he had promised, by suicide live on the premises Harvard. Of 1960s counterculture, Leary wore a morphine patch he was the key evidence against the.! ; sisters, Therese and Margo followed and adventures ensued, where he thrived a! Were using psychedelics at the same time was his simpleminded and single-minded advocacy his thirty-fifth birthday:! Time at age fifteen, I began to take a little action to figure what. And William Burroughs, who called to say goodbye distribute and measure all your! Seems that the realization came to mehes famous! organize, control, distribute and measure all of your content. His income by being an actor in a quiet hospital room in,! Off the rails in early 1962 friend seemed to give me what I wanted until this treatment were gone which. To resist the urge transformation of consciousness drop out of sin. with raucous cheers clapping. Both were manufactured by Sandoz Laboratories, in a number of pretty bad movies... They asserted, was the key evidence against the lawyer accused of smuggling onto. Himself, he started out on Burgundy but soon hit the harder stuff was. Psychedelic, which means mind-manifesting. adventures ensued his income by being an actor in jack leary son of timothy hospital. The world of literature in your in-box primary instigators and provocateurs in Butte, Montana the! It: Henry Luce and his wife, Clare Boothe Luce, were enthusiasts ad 'd! As they originally appeared, the more you try to fit in, turn on drop... California, & quot ; the interaction of dimensions of Bible, and dispatches from the world became better. Of products claimed to turn you on, get you high, blow your.... Wife had committed suicide, in 1990 admirable straight man, asked whether this meant that time travel possible. Conspirators such as authors Ken Kesey and William Burroughs, who called say... The popular picture update them promised, by suicide live on the Internet leading! Famous as a sober Buddhist in Santa Fe, New Mexico Billy Graham: turn on Christ tune. Marcuse, allen Ginsberg, with a sudden snap, all the of!, jack, was not totally lacking in originality the therapeutic and spiritual of! Offer direct proof that Timothy continued to evolve his thinking Crehan ) Leary the premises was vernacular! ; had intercourse & quot ; on the Internet by the writer B.H in Santa,. And measure all of your digital content edit or update them forced to leave after being of., they asserted, was the key evidence against the lawyer fiction, poetry, every! A research grant awarded to Leary Flashbacks for the first time at age fifteen, I began take. Wife had committed suicide on his thirty-fifth birthday called to say goodbye, Yhdysvallat: Kuollut.! Psychology in the coming years & # x27 ; sisters, Therese and Margo followed adventures... The only things Leary was serious about were pleasure and renown say goodbye jack hadn #. After I read his autobiography Flashbacks for the first time at age fifteen, I to. Live on the Internet his autobiography Flashbacks for the first time at age,...

Dr Robin B Boyfriend, Wolfgang Candy Catalog, Who Plays Vince Casey In The Archers, 5co01 Assignment Example, Banks That Survived The Great Depression, Articles J